Overview of Tokelau

Profile

Tokelau is island territory approximately 500km north of Samoa composed of three atolls: Atafu, Nukunonu, and Fakaofo, with total land area only about 12km2. Flat coral reef islands under 5m elevation strongly preserve traditional Polynesian culture, with most residents sustaining subsistence living through coconut cultivation and coastal fishing. Without airport or deep-water port, New Zealand government-owned catamaran serves as lifeline. Known for unique digital economy earning major income from lending country domain '.tk' worldwide.

Official name: Tokelau
Common name: Tokelau
Numeric code: 772
Alpha-3 code: TKL
Alpha-2 code: TK
Population: Approximately 1,500 (2023)
Population density: Approximately 120 persons/km2
Primary languages: Tokelauan, English
Major religions: Protestant Christianity, Roman Catholic
National anthem: God Save the King / God Defend New Zealand (shares New Zealand Realm anthem)
Calling code: +690
Internet TLD: .tk

History

Became British protectorate late 19th century, transferred to New Zealand administration in 1925, confirmed as dependent territory of Realm in 1948.

Indigenous Polynesians settled around 1000 CE. British exploration ship made first official record in 1765, followed by 1889 British protectorate declaration. Incorporated into Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony in 1916, transferred to New Zealand in 1925 administrative reform. Legislated as New Zealand's Tokelau Islands in 1948 after WWII. 2006 and 2007 referendums rejected free association status, currently remaining as part of Realm of New Zealand enjoying high autonomy. Islands still maintain traditional governance centered on elder council Taupulega.

Geography & climate

Three atolls surrounding vast lagoons and coral reefs with flat terrain, outer edges covered by coconut palm forest with central lagoon.

Tropical oceanic climate

Area: Oceania / 12 km²
Capital: No specific capital (administrative center on each atoll)
Largest city: Fakaofo Village
Coastal status: Yes

Natural resources

Coconut palm, Tropical fish, Solar energy, Deep-sea fish resources, Coral reef limestone

Politics

Government: Non-self-governing territory (Realm of New Zealand), autonomous system by elder council

Economy

Currency: New Zealand Dollar (NZD)

GDP (nominal): 10 million USD (2019)

GDP (PPP): 10 million USD (2019)

Language & timezone

Primary languages: Tokelauan, English

Time zone: TKT

Culture & customs

Ethnic groups

Tokelauans (Polynesian), Samoan, European mixed

Life expectancy

Approximately 73 years

Literacy rate

99%

National sports

Cricket (Kilikiti), Volleyball, Rugby League, Canoe Racing, Kirihi (traditional wrestling)