Overview of South Sudan

Profile

Though blessed with oil reserves, prolonged civil war and political instability have delayed infrastructure and social development, making it one of the world's youngest and poorest nations. The country possesses natural tourism resources including the vast Sudd wetlands along the White Nile and abundant wildlife, but security and transportation remain major challenges.

Official name: Republic of South Sudan
Common name: South Sudan
Numeric code: 728
Alpha-3 code: SSD
Alpha-2 code: SS
Population: Approximately 11 million (2023)
Population density: Approximately 17
Primary languages: English
Major religions: Christianity, African Traditional Religions, Islam
National anthem: South Sudan Oyee!
Calling code: +211
Internet TLD: .ss

History

Gained independence in 2011 following a referendum after the Second Sudanese Civil War.

After the British-Egyptian condominium period, it became independent as part of Sudan in 1956 but conflict with the north continued, suffering immense damage through the First and Second Civil Wars. The 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement granted autonomy, and the 2011 referendum saw 98.8% vote for independence. Post-independence, intermittent civil war stemming from tribal conflicts, border disputes, and political rivalries continues, with UN peacekeeping forces deployed.

Geography & climate

Low-lying terrain centered on the White Nile River with vast grasslands and tropical forests interspersed, with mountain ranges scattered in the southeast

Mix of tropical savanna climate (Aw) and tropical monsoon climate (Am)

Area: Africa / 644329 km²
Capital: Juba
Largest city: Juba
Coastal status: No
Bordering countries: Sudan, Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Central African Republic

Natural resources

Crude oil, Iron ore, Copper, Gold, Chrome, Tungsten, Shea nuts, Teak timber, Fishery resources, Vast grazing lands

Politics

Government: Republic (Presidential system)

Economy

Currency: South Sudanese Pound (SSP)

GDP (nominal): 7.6 billion USD (2023)

GDP (PPP): 20.4 billion international dollars (2023)

Language & timezone

Primary languages: English

Time zone: Central Africa Time

Culture & customs

Ethnic groups

Dinka, Nuer, Shilluk, Azande, Bari, Moro, Lotuko

Life expectancy

Approximately 56 years

Literacy rate

Approximately 35%

National sports

Basketball, Football, Athletics, Wrestling (traditional), Dongabo Ball