Overview of NZ

Profile

Constitutional monarchy comprising North, South, and over 700 smaller islands. Diverse landscapes include majestic fjords, glaciers, and active volcanic zones, famously featured in 'Lord of the Rings.' Economy anchored by agricultural products and tourism, boasting clean and open business environment. Indigenous Māori culture deeply embedded in modern society through official language adoption and Matariki festival celebrations.

Official name: New Zealand
Common name: NZ
Numeric code: 554
Alpha-3 code: NZL
Alpha-2 code: NZ
Population: Approx. 5.2 million (2023)
Population density: Approx. 19 people/km²
Primary languages: English, Māori, New Zealand Sign Language
Major religions: Christianity, No religion
National anthem: God Defend New Zealand (Aotearoa)
Calling code: +64
Internet TLD: .nz

History

Became British colony through 1840 Waitangi Treaty; dominion 1907; achieved full legislative independence 1947.

Polynesians settled around 9th century, forming Māori culture. Tasman arrived 1642, Cook 1769. Following 19th-century settlement and gold rush, developed as agricultural nation. Post-WWII adopted welfare state model but implemented radical 'Rogernomics' market reforms in 1980s. Enacted world's first nuclear-free legislation 1987, establishing environmental leadership status.

Geography & climate

Located on active plate boundary; diverse terrain condensed in compact land including fjords, glaciers, volcanoes, and hot springs.

Temperate maritime climate (West Coast marine)

Area: Oceania / 268680 km²
Capital: Wellington
Largest city: Auckland
Coastal status: Yes
Major lakes: Lake Taupō, Lake Wakatipu, Lake Pukaki

Natural resources

Hydropower, Geothermal energy, Wind power, Natural gas, Coal, Gold, Silver, Ironsand, Rich fishing grounds, Fertile pasture, Forest resources, Tourism resources, Dark Sky Reserves, Mānuka habitat

Politics

Government: Constitutional Monarchy, Parliamentary Democracy (Unicameral)

Economy

Currency: New Zealand Dollar (NZD)

GDP (nominal): Approx. 250 billion USD (2023)

GDP (PPP): Approx. 260 billion USD (2023)

Language & timezone

Primary languages: English, Māori, New Zealand Sign Language

Time zone: NZST, NZDT

Culture & customs

Ethnic groups

European/Pākehā, Māori, Asian, Pacific Islander, Middle Eastern, Latin American, African

Life expectancy

Approx. 82 years

Literacy rate

99%

National sports

Rugby, Cricket, Netball, Yachting, Soccer, Rugby League, Basketball, Surfing