Overview of Honduras

Profile

Approximately 80% of the territory consists of mountains, yet the north features fertile Caribbean plains, the east holds unexplored Mosquito rainforests, and the west contains Maya civilization ruins like Copán, showcasing diverse nature and culture coexisting. Came under Spanish rule in the 16th century and gained independence in the 19th. The economy is supported by bananas and mining, with tourism, garment manufacturing, and remittances as growing sectors. The Bay Islands in the Caribbean are renowned as world-class diving destinations.

Official name: Republic of Honduras
Common name: Honduras
Numeric code: 340
Alpha-3 code: HND
Alpha-2 code: HN
Population: 10.5 million (2024)
Population density: Approximately 94/km2
Primary languages: Spanish
Major religions: Roman Catholicism, Protestantism (Evangelical, etc.)
National anthem: Himno Nacional de Honduras
Calling code: +504
Internet TLD: .hn

History

Gained independence from Spain in 1821 as part of Central American provinces, becoming an independent republic in 1838.

From Classic Period Maya city Copán through 16th-century Spanish colonial era to independence in 1821. After joining the Central American Federation, separated in 1838 to form the Republic of Honduras. Early 20th century saw U.S. fruit companies' plantations influencing economy and politics, earning the term "Banana Republic." Experienced 1969 "Football War" with El Salvador, devastating 1998 Hurricane "Mitch" damage, and 2009 military coup. In 2022, female President Xiomara Castro took office, advancing reforms toward democratization and security restoration.

Geography & climate

Mountain highlands occupy majority of territory, with fertile alluvial plains in north, vast tropical rainforest in east, and Pacific coastal plains in south.

Tropical monsoon to savanna climate (highlands temperate)

Area: North America (Central America) / 112492 km²
Capital: Tegucigalpa
Largest city: Tegucigalpa
Coastal status: Yes
Major lakes: Lake Yojoa
Bordering countries: Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua

Natural resources

Timber, Silver, Zinc, Lead, Gold, Hydropower, Fishmeal, Coral reefs, Fertile volcanic soil, Tourism sites

Politics

Government: Presidential constitutional republic

Economy

Currency: Lempira (HNL)

GDP (nominal): 33 billion USD (2023)

GDP (PPP): 68 billion USD (2023)

Language & timezone

Primary languages: Spanish

Time zone: Central America Time

Culture & customs

Ethnic groups

Mestizo, Lenca, Miskito, Garifuna, Tawahka, Pech, Tolupan, Ch'orti', Isleños

Life expectancy

75 years

Literacy rate

88%

National sports

Football, Boxing, Basketball, Softball, Baseball