Overview of Faroe Islands

Profile

The Faroe Islands are a volcanic archipelago situated almost equidistant between Scotland, Norway, and Iceland. While politically part of the Kingdom of Denmark, they possess a high degree of autonomy. The islands are characterized by rugged cliffs and deep fjords, with fishing and sheep farming at the center of their economy and daily life. Despite a population of just over 50,000, they maintain a high standard of living. While strongly retaining medieval Nordic traditions such as the Faroese language and chain dancing, recent years have seen active development in salmon farming, subsea tunnel construction, IT industry development, and growing attention as a tourist destination.

Official name: Government of the Faroe Islands
Common name: Faroe Islands
Numeric code: 234
Alpha-3 code: FRO
Alpha-2 code: FO
Population: 54,000 (2024)
Population density: Approx. 38 people/km²
Primary languages: Faroese, Danish
Major religions: Lutheran (Faroese Church)
National anthem: Tú alfagra land mítt
Calling code: +298
Internet TLD: .fo

History

Following Viking settlement in the 9th century, the islands were ruled by Norway and Denmark before establishing autonomous government in 1948.

The first settlers are believed to have been Irish monks, but Norwegian Vikings established permanent settlements in the 9th century, and from the 11th century onward the islands were incorporated into the Kingdom of Norway. They came under Danish rule through the 1380 personal union, and during World War II were occupied by Britain. Following post-war independence movements, the Home Rule Act was established in 1948, granting extensive powers in domestic affairs, finance, and culture. They rejected EC membership in 1973 and have maintained an independent stance on fishing, whaling, and diplomacy.

Geography & climate

Rugged volcanic island terrain with steep basalt cliffs and deep fjords mixed with gentle grazing pastures.

Subpolar oceanic climate (Köppen Cfc)

Area: Europe / 1396 km²
Capital: Tórshavn
Largest city: Tórshavn
Coastal status: Yes

Natural resources

Rich fishing grounds, Wind power, Hydropower, Basalt, Peat, Potential oil & gas, Seaweed, Seabirds, Wool, Tidal power

Politics

Government: Parliamentary democracy under constitutional monarchy (autonomous territory of the Kingdom of Denmark)

Economy

Currency: Faroese króna (equivalent to Danish krone) (DKK)

GDP (nominal): 3.2 billion US dollars (2022)

GDP (PPP):

Language & timezone

Primary languages: Faroese, Danish

Time zone: Faroe Islands Time (WET in winter), Summer time WEST

Culture & customs

Ethnic groups

Faroese, Danish, Icelandic, Norwegian, Filipino

Life expectancy

80.7 years

Literacy rate

99%

National sports

Football, Handball, Rowing, Badminton, Swimming