Overview of Argentina

Profile

Argentina has the world's 8th largest land area, with a unique identity formed by the fusion of livestock industry nurtured in the rich Pampas grasslands and European immigrant culture. The capital Buenos Aires is called the "Paris of South America" and is thriving with cultural activities such as tango, literature, and theater. From the Andes' Aconcagua to glacier-linked Patagonia and Iguazu Falls, one of the world's three great waterfalls, natural tourism resources are also abundant.

Official name: Argentine Republic
Common name: Argentina
Numeric code: 032
Alpha-3 code: ARG
Alpha-2 code: AR
Population: Approx. 46 million (2023)
Population density: Approx. 17 persons/km²
Primary languages: Spanish (Rioplatense dialect)
Major religions: Catholic Church, Protestant Evangelical, Non-religious, Judaism, Islam
National anthem: Himno Nacional Argentino (Argentine National Anthem)
Calling code: +54
Internet TLD: .ar

History

After the declaration of independence in 1816, went through many civil wars and military rule to reach the current federal republic.

After independence from the Spanish Viceroyalty, Federalists and Unitarians fiercely competed, achieving national unity in the late 19th century. In the first half of the 20th century, it became one of the world's wealthiest nations through immigration and agricultural exports, but subsequently suffered from coups, populism, hyperinflation, and repeated debt defaults including 2001. Since the return to civilian rule in 1983, it has maintained democratic institutions while seeking economic reconstruction and international cooperation.

Geography & climate

Diverse terrain spans 3,700km north to south, including Andean mountain peaks, fertile Pampas grasslands, arid Gran Chaco, and lake and glacier-linked Patagonia.

Continental climate with significant regional differences from temperate humid to subtropical and subpolar

Area: South America / 2780400 km²
Capital: Buenos Aires
Largest city: Buenos Aires
Coastal status: Yes
Major lakes: Lake Argentino, Lake Nahuel Huapi, Lake Viedma, Lake Buenos Aires
Bordering countries: Chile, Bolivia, Paraguay, Brazil, Uruguay

Natural resources

natural gas, oil, lithium, copper, silver, lead, uranium, agricultural land, hydropower, wind power, fishery resources, wool, forests, coal, gold, boron

Politics

Government: Presidential Federal Republic

Economy

Currency: Argentine Peso (ARS)

GDP (nominal): 5,310 hundred million USD (2022)

GDP (PPP): 12,500 hundred million international dollars (2022)

Language & timezone

Primary languages: Spanish (Rioplatense dialect)

Time zone: Argentina Time (ART)

Culture & customs

Ethnic groups

Italian descent, Spanish descent, German descent, Arab descent, Jewish descent, Indigenous (Mapuche, Quechua, etc.), Mestizo, French descent, English descent

Life expectancy

76.8 years

Literacy rate

99%

National sports

Football, Basketball, Rugby, Polo, Field Hockey, Tennis